Accommodation
Schema
Assimilation
Maturation
Adaptation
Q 2. In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the concrete operational stage lasts from
Birth to 2 years
2 to 7 years
7-12 years
12 years and above
18 years and above
Q 3. Forming hypothesis and ability to do deductive reasoning is a feature of;
Preoperational stage
Sensorimotor stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
None of the above
Q 4. Egocentrism is a feature of;
Preoperational stage
Sensorimotor stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
None of the above
Q 5. Which of the following is usually seen in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease
A. Lacunar infarcts
B. Atrophy of the medial parietal lobe
C. Hippocampal atrophy
D. Cerebellar hypertrophy
E. Ventricular enlargement
Q 6. The following are inducers of the Cytochrome P450 system except?
A. Smoking
B. Alcohol
C. Carbamazepine
D. St John’s Wort
E. Fluoxetine
Q 7. What is the relative risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia in a heterozygote for APOE 4?
A. 3
B. 1
C. 14
D. 10
E. 20
Q 8. Which of the following is true regarding the genetics of Huntington’s
A. It shows autosomal recessive inheritance
B There is no correlation between the number of CAG repeats and the severity of the disease
C. CAG is normally repeated no more than 27 times
D. The Huntington's gene is located on chromosome 21
E. The CAG length is more unstable when inherited from the father
Q 9. Which statement is false?
A. Exons separated by introns --T
B. Introns have codon that are regulatory in nature (stop & start codon). (Is it that exons have the codon not the intron)
C. proteome constantly change not genome.
Q. 10.
What is true?
Translation: 1st stage of gene expression? F
Transcription: mRNA produce by specific code (a-t, c-g) (I think it should be U instead of a T) ??
Transcriptome : is complete set of DNA produced by genome. F
Mutation: e.g of it are silent, Missense( single substitution), nonsense( stop codon), or frame shift( new sequence).?what is actual question
Q. 11. Safe in overdose due to no direct effect on Cl-
a. Alcohol
b. diazepam
c. chlormethiazole
d. barbiturates
Q. 12. What is false about genome?
1. Complete set of DNA.
2. THE base pairs (bacteria 600 000, human & mice 3billion.
3. Red blood cells contain genome. The only type that does not have DNA
Q. Lithium levels are increased by all except?
A. NSAIDs
B. Thiazides
C. osmotic diuretics
D. sodium restriction
E. ACE inhibitors
Q. Which of the following can be used as a counter measure for confounding??
a) Blinding
b) Matching
c) Standardised assessment
d) randomisization
Q. In statistics/research -Number needed to treat is reciprocal of.
A. Absolute risk
B. Absolute risk reduction
C. Relative risk
D. Relative risk reduction
E. Odds ratio
Q. Which measure of central tendency can be applied to data measured on interval scale?
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) All of these
The following are weaknesses for cohort study except
a) change in exposurte status
b) lengthy and expensive
c) loss to follow up problems
d) non-partcipation bias
e) not suitable for studying rare exposure
Q. Biological units of heridity
a. genome
b. DNA
c. genes
d. autosomes
e. allosomes
Q. The Lower s allele is a risk to the following
1 increase risk of alcohol dependence,
2 increase effect of alcohol dependence,
3 increase antisocial behaviour
4 increase suicide attempts.'
Answer: increase suicide attempts
1-Which of the following is a portion of non coding DNA that is not translated into protein?
Allele
Exon
Codon
Primer
Intron
2-Which of the following is a partial D2 agonist?
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Amisulpride
3-A patient with psoriasis has noticed that it has become worse since she has started a new medication. Which of the following would you most suspect would worsen her psoriasis?
Lamotrigine
Phenytoin
Lithium
Olanzapine
Valproate
4-You see a lady in clinic who you recently gave a diagnosis of schizophrenia. She has heard that the condition is 'in the genes' and wants to know if her brother will develop the condition. What would you tell her is the risk of her brother developing schizophrenia based purely on the fact that she has it?
a-0.5%
b-1%
c-6%
d-9%
e-14%
5-Use of which of the following is associated with weight loss?
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Lamotrigine
Topiramate
Aug 2010 paper 1
1-A man reported that whenever he is walking on the street he hears voices immediately after hearing an exhaust of a car and he also belives that people could hear what he is thinking what is this
1-Thoght broadcasting.
2-Functional hallucinations
3-Reflex hallucinations
4-Thought echo
5-Synesthesia
2-Q:. This person has names 6 different emotions:
a. Alport
b. Cattle
c. Jung
d. Ekman
e. James Lang
3-What is the best test that would help differentiate between Alzehiemers dematia and Lewy Body;s
a. Structural MRI
b. Functional MRI
C. DaT SCAN
d. CT Scan
e. Perfusion study
4-How to differentiate bereavement from depression 12 months after her husband died:
1. Feeling guilt for something ......
2. Feeliing low
3. Mummification
4. Not sleeping well
5. ??
5-Which of the defence mechanisms is most often used by people with narcissistic personality?
a. Projection
b. Projective identification
c. Sublimation
d. Displacement
e. Reaction formation
6-Which of the following instruments can be used to screen for premorbid intelligence?
A. National adult reading test
B. Weschler adult intelligence scale
C. Bender visual motor gestalt test
D. Raven’s progressive matrices
E. Glasgow coma scale
7-A patient repeats whatever the examiner says. He is exhibiting
a. Echolalia
b. Logoclonia
c. Parapraxis
d. Perseveration
e. Stereotypy
8-You are interviewing a newly admitted patient in your ward. When asked what he had for breakfast, he says 'cereals'. Then when you asked ‘what is your name?’ he says 'cereals'. When you asked ‘what is his date of birth?’ he continues to say 'cereals'. The most likely symptom exhibited here is
a. Stereotypy
b. Automatism
c. Mannerism
d. Perseveration
e. Stuttering
9-A hospital manager is presenting data to a trust board. He said ‘murder of 2 hospitals’ instead of ‘merger of 2 hospitals’. This is an example of
a. parapraxis
b. paragrammatism
c. neologism
d. logoclonia
e. stock word
10- A 45 year old man who has longstanding suspiciousness towards police becomes anxious and acts in a strange manner on seeing 2 policemen at a public event. The police become suspicious of him and arrest him as a precautionary measure. The underlying psychodynamic mechanism is
a. Projection
b. Projective identification
c. Acting out
d. Suppression
e. Repression
11- In which stage of Piaget’s theory of development a boy is able to make difference quantity of water is the same in tall and wide glass
a. Preoperational stage
b. Sensorimotor stage
c. Concrete operational stage
d. Formal operational stage
e. None of the above
Q. A lady reported that her 53 year old husband, has been having abnormal movements and has lately become anxious and depressed, hi father had a similar problem annd lately her husband attended his GP appointment 30 min earlier and shouted at the receptionist . What is the likely diagnosis
1-Lewy body dementia
2-Depression
3-Generaliszed anxiety disorder
4-Huntington
5-Vascular dementia
A. A Thioxanthene
B. A Dibenzodiazepine
C. A Diphenylbutylpiperidine
D. A Butyrophenone
E. A Phenothiazine
A. A Young age of mother
B. A Maternal smoking
C. A Influenza during pregnancy
D. A Spring birth
E. A Maternal obesity
Q. Regarding Addenbrookes cognitice examination test, which of the following is true:
1-Its a cognitive test that can test for dementia, delerium and cognition.
2- A score of <85 indicates dementia and said to be specific for the diagnosis
3- A sore of <85 indicates dementia and known to be sensitive for the diagnosis
4-It does not include the MMSE
5-Includes MMSE but its not included in the overall score
Q. Choose one of the following that would facilitate an interview:
1- frequent aknwoledgment
2-Closed questions
3-Long pauses
4-prolonged eye contact
5-interupting the patient while speaking
Q. The following drug can increase lithium level
1-Salbutamol
2-Paracetamol
3-Furosemide
4-propanolol
5-Mirtazapine
2. The investigation to differentiate Alzheimer's to Lewy body
a. Structural MRI
b. Functional MRI
C. DaT SCAN
d. CT Scan
e. Perfusion study
Q. -A man reported that whenever he is walking on the streed he hears voices immediately after hearing an exhaust of a car and he also belives that people could hear what he is thinking what is this
1-Thoght broadcasting.
2-Functional hallucinations
3-Reflex hallucinations
4-Thought echo
4-Synesthesia
Q. A mother said that her son keeps repating the same word, even when you ask him a different question he still replies the word eg: Ice she wants to know what this is called so she could look it up on the internet. What is this called:
1- Echolalia
2-Echopraxia
3-Perservation
4-Logoclonia
5- paragramatism
Q. A 52-year-old male is admitted after taking an overdose. Which single feature best suggests a high risk of future suicide?
(Please select 1 option)
Ingestion of alcohol with the overdose drug
Ingestion of more than 100 tablets
Ingestion of more than one drug
Making plans before the overdose to avoid discovery
Previous history of overdose
Q. Forming hypothesis and ability to do deductive reasoning is a feature of
A. Preoperational stage
B. Sensorimotor stage
C. Concrete operational stage
D. Formal operational stage
E. None of the above
Q. In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the process of solving new problems using existing schemata is termed as
A. Accommodation
B. Schema
C. Assimilation
D. Maturation
E. Adaptation
Q. In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the concrete operational stage lasts from
Birth to 2 years
2 to 7 years
7-12 years
12 years and above
18 years and above
Q. In Piaget’s theory the development of object permanence occurs during the
A. Preoperational stage
B. Sensorimotor stage
C. Concrete operational stage
D. Formal operational stage
E. None of the above
Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of rivastigmine?
A. Nausea
B. Vomiting
C. Drowsiness
D. Constipation
E. Weight loss
Which class of antidepressant drugs must be avoided while treating depression in a patient who does not want to gain weight?
A. Reboxetine
B. Tricyclics
C. SSRIs
D. MAOIs
E. Venlafaxine
Which is abnormal in EEG of an awake adult?
a) alfa activity
b)B activity
c) Theta activity
d) Delta activity
In awake resting adult, Alfa activity in EEG is most prominent over
a) Frontal region
b)Occipital region
c)Temporal region
d) Parietal region
Choose one side effect NOT seen with tricyclics commonly:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. QT prolongation
C. Delirium on overdose
D. Weight gain
E. Sedation
The following is true about VLPFC(ventro lateral prefrontal cortex) except
Helps to retrieve and maintain semantic information
Helps to retrieve and maintain linguistic information
Helps to retrieve and maintain visuo spatial information
Helps to encode and recall episodic memories
The substitution of a non-verbal sound in place of a word is called as;
Schizophasia
Paraphasia
Verbigeration
Paragrammatism
Agrammatism
Coenaesthesia is a disorder of
Body awareness
Perception
Superficial sensations
Consciousness
None of the above
One among the following statements about Delirium tremens is false:
It is characterized by hallucinations of multiple modalities.
Delirium tremens is characterized by Lilliputian hallucinations
Clouding of consciousness suggests dementia rather than delirium
The diagnosis of delirium is mainly clinical No ancillary investigation is diagnostic although it may help in finding the etiology.
In conversion the emotional abnormality produces
Cognitive symptoms
Behavioural Symptoms
Physical symptoms
All of the above
None of the above
A patient repeats whatever the examiner says. He is exhibiting
a. Echolalia
b. Logoclonia
c. Parapraxis
d. Perseveration
e. Stereotypy
Who first considered the distinction between „understanding‟ and „explaining‟ as a core skill in psychiatric practice?
a. Durkheim
b. Jaspers
c. Kraeplin
d. Schneider
e. Kretschmer
Which of the following is not a paramnesia?
A. Retrograde amnesia
B. Confabulation
C. Jamais vu
D. Retrospective falsification
E. Cryptomnesia
Which of the following is an example of a pareidolic illusion?
A. A woman hears her mother call her name each time she sees her fridge door open
B. An elderly man is able to see the face of his grandchild in the clouds as they pass over him
C. A young man who is missing his girlfriend mistakes another woman for her in a crowd of people
D. A thirsty traveller in the desert mistakes the heat rising from the sand as a pool of water
E. A man is able to hear his wife calling his name from 100 miles away
In which of the following conditions chromosomal duplication is seen
A. Reye’s Syndrome
B. Trisomy 21
C. Turner’s Syndrome
D. Cri-du-chat Syndrome
E. Foetal Alcohol Syndrome
A patient with schizophrenia complains of an uncomfortable sensations in his legs that are most troublesome at night. He finds that moving his legs lessens the discomfort. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Akathesia
B. Drug withdrawal
C. Anxiety
D. Restless leg syndrome
E. Catatonia
If a disease has 75% heritability,
A. 75% of the diseased patients have inherited the condition
B. The risk of the disease in first degree relatives of patients is 75%
C. 75% of the liability for the disease is inherited
D. 75% of the features seen in a diseased patient is due to genetic component
E. 75% of the disease related genes are passed on from one generation to another
What is the risk of Alzheimer dementia in a patient heterozygous for Apo E4 compared to those with no apoE4 allele?
A. Same risk (OR=1)
B. Three times higher (OR=3)
C. Twenty times higher (OR=20)
D. Fifteen times higher (OR=15)
E. Nine times higher (OR=9)
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